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coding conventions
Coding conventions are a set of guidelines for a specific programming language that recommend programming style, practices and methods for each aspect of a piece program written in this language. These conventions usually cover file organization, indentation, comments, declarations, statements, white space, naming conventions, programming practices, , , architectural best practices, etc. These are guidelines for software structural quality. Software programmers are highly recommended to follow these guidelines to help improve the readability of their source code and make software maintenance easier. Coding conventions are only applicable to the human maintainers and peer reviewers of a software project. Conventions may be formalized in a documented set of rules that an entire team or company follows, or may be as informal as the habitual coding practices of an individual. Coding conventions are not enforced by compilers. As a result, not following some or all of the rules has no impact on the executable programs created from the source code.
==Software maintenance==
Reducing the cost of software maintenance is the most often cited reason for following coding conventions. In their introduction to code conventions for the Java programming language, Sun Microsystems provides the following rationale:〔
(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Sun Microsystems, Inc. )
〕
Code conventions are important to programmers for a number of reasons:
*40%–80% of the lifetime cost of a piece of software goes to maintenance. 〔Robert L. Glass: Facts and Fallacies of Software Engineering; Addison Wesley, 2003. 〕
*Hardly any software is maintained for its whole life by the original author.
*Code conventions improve the readability of the software, allowing engineers to understand new code more quickly and thoroughly.
*If you ship your source code as a product, you need to make sure it is as well packaged and clean as any other product you create.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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